AC And DC System : What is AC and DC Transmission System

Introduction

The world of electrical engineering is filled with complex systems and technologies that power our modern lives. Image Credit - Unplash

What is AC System

[{"selector":"#anim-39926230-7e6d-4abf-a8af-13091b6a8ee0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8eb9eb32-96aa-4eff-9fa3-704f21eb86ed","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-41a128af-c142-422f-a35a-47af0ab9cd43","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9db129d2-5644-4ed5-848a-3f2d83e727a2","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ade9f8d6-bbef-4e4d-bb99-1570d8c2c774","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9932f0c4-b1c6-47e1-86e3-fa8b2d3680ab","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e21a3ace-e518-4597-b8eb-55d41a8f2a95 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-26.618975761739318%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] The universally adopted AC system is the t albeit with its challenges such as high voltage drop and skin effect. Image Credit - all about circuit

Single Phase Two Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-f2f73ce7-f7e4-40ac-bfcb-1ea5f9b23f1b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-a68d75bf-38b8-4d70-8b53-66f444d96a88","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-48a9aded-b6f3-43ec-9ce6-a5a842fdd71e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-387e9193-f224-44c2-a55b-079c70372312","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cac6f20d-c405-4dea-a810-cbed6e4bd8df","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9a93da8c-6bb2-432f-8226-cff7a1462de2","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-910d24f7-e919-4a47-8b69-47f286357fcc [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(27.87500000078972%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] – Overview of the two-wire system with a focus on phase and neutral wires. Image Credit - electricaleasy.com

Single Phase Three Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-c6c1ceff-ab72-4bcf-a821-08419b576274","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-862a8179-6e0d-4f62-9a36-e91884e3c055","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8288dbc8-84fd-48eb-be78-4c6d94d05fd3","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e75fdc6d-68e0-4558-947e-4b2e84fd4900","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9d07cc68-5e47-491d-866f-d14c5244433a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b8c0cd53-6c80-4f59-994f-ac97706c6803","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ef732c1d-5772-47bb-872b-f4bd7ad1708c [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-32.32142846415568%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] – A comparison with the three-wire DC distribution system. Image Credit - electricaleasy.com

Two Phase Three-Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-63e7599d-9749-4076-addd-5e9f25784e11","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9a94f847-0d80-42af-8a65-6aea81ae7075","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-13d1300d-0f25-496a-8a02-d6e3d1bf96b1","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6e304c31-bf54-4359-8bc9-0b1113d1e6aa","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d98e514c-e4db-4218-b396-1a8104a150cf","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-605276b1-1786-4c0c-bee4-b8faafa691f6","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-10911a33-f61c-4762-9e77-97aa3567be85 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-31.240568296631277%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] The transitional use of the two-phase system before adopting three-phase systems. Image Credit - Ellectricaleasy.com

Two Phase Four-Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-30100414-5264-4ed6-a50f-3a3f10ab473e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-34d3e070-b5d5-4fa8-ae94-16406da792c5","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3696e640-01d9-4afc-94b6-36580f0eeb10","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9cead43b-91f1-4cc4-9363-d171ee10ed94","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4c0e485e-9ed7-47bb-bb09-f84eeb5cc260","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-80ba58c9-e6f5-4b20-8dc1-1972c45b3a22","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-98df1597-c951-478a-ba45-def1aa611868 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-31.240568296631277%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] The intricacies of the four-wire system derived from two-phase windings. Image Credit - Electrical4u

Three Phase Three-Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-6e508832-f7f3-490b-bb9e-b887ae6f941f","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-334dd416-d008-4d4c-bf71-ebef1ebb3538","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ffe1fa8c-6a85-4bea-ba2b-ec8c8ee5f201","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-aae38a80-21a6-4cce-a7e1-0fc02365266b","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e679a773-3237-4b0d-8a13-8ea8eebe7e70","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-c944e10f-ca33-4fb4-b627-cc0467e11e05","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f7244b58-07d2-498a-a53d-5f15aace0832 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-31.249999886225726%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Grounding of the neutral wire in star-connected configurations. Image Credit - Unplash

Three Phase Four-Wire System

[{"selector":"#anim-3eec1458-0456-4a1d-b5be-64a1cc943863","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1bb5b99e-b9d9-4210-bddf-a3a5633b07dd","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8d9ccb12-f683-4b62-8861-167d520a8c68","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d1f93451-49a9-4412-aeac-38061cd6362b","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1aed14e6-783d-4c7e-b72e-530b6495b773","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6a8b6801-45f4-4e22-8db2-f4fc52436cf7","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ddab15a0-dc76-4284-bd52-adad8d31ffc9 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-35.77205873719482%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Utilization of four wires for distribution, with the fourth wire as neutral. Image Credit - reserche gate

What is DC System

[{"selector":"#anim-f63c5ebd-0bb7-437b-ae38-267de5775b44","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4308e4cd-7dc3-4c9a-895f-3b0c1e8226cb","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-952fbe29-10e6-47ec-a308-d1e7419e825e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1b3cc503-24a8-4c8b-a111-117836295221","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-5c57b353-fab4-4e88-8a6c-ea2edf5f0c50 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-11.501900907079436%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-eaf0fcce-a170-4106-961d-ac830b7ddc3b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-334bec6e-bdcb-4277-8831-c0eebbdb6a4b","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] While AC systems dominate, there are scenarios where DC systems become indispensable. Image credit - Unplash

Conclusion

[{"selector":"#anim-ad05c553-eee1-4f25-978a-f8d7dbd4e907","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b6b889c8-54ee-499e-9f1e-64ec8dfb13a7","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e461dda1-10a1-469f-aaa3-7511a32d6202","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-51024abd-f5d0-4e81-8b73-20aa47ff90d6","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e4e3e6c5-0eb5-433b-be84-c6c24207be9e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d53e08fc-0c3d-4e82-a97d-d4d15537cb04","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0ed0ea1d-4997-488d-9c10-5f9bef423aef [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-28.90624987200394%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Understanding the intricacies of AC and DC systems is vital for anyone interested in the field of electrical engineering. Image Credit - Unplash Read More