DC Breakers | Characteristics, Types, and Applications
DC Breakers | Characteristics, Types, and Applications

Introduction The development of HVDC circuit breakers has been underway for some time in the late eighties, and a 500 kV breaker with current interrupting capability up to 4000A, has…

Comparators | Definition, Types of Comparators
Comparators | Definition, Types of Comparators

Introduction A relay detects the change between normal and abnormal conditions by comparing two electrical vector quantities, both of which are derived from the system voltages and currents at a…

Static Relays I Basis, Classification, and Components
Static Relays I Basis, Classification, and Components

Introduction A static protective relay refers to a relay in which the measurement or comparison of electrical quantities is done in a static network which is designed to give an…

Static Relay | Components, Working, Types, and Applications
Static Relay | Components, Working, Types, and Applications

Introduction The solid-state relay, also known as a static relay, was introduced back in 1960. Unlike traditional relays, it doesn't have any moving parts. This makes it more durable and…

What is PLC | Building Block of PLC and their Functions
What is PLC | Building Block of PLC and their Functions

Concept of PLC A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a microprocessor-based specialist computer built to work in loud industrial conditions. It can perform a variety of control functions and is…

Instrument Transformer Introduction, Types, and Need
Instrument Transformer | Introduction, Types, and Need

Introduction Instrument transformers are like magic glasses for electrical systems. They help us measure things like voltage and current accurately, even though these things can be super high and tricky…

Potential Transformer | Construction, Working, and Errors
Potential Transformer | Construction, Working, and Errors

Introduction Transformers are devices that help transfer electrical power from one circuit to another. They have coils of wire that are connected magnetically. Power transformers are used in power lines…

Capacitive Voltage Transformer | Working, Characteristics, and Applications
Capacitive Voltage Transformer | Working, Characteristics, and Applications

Introduction A Capacitive Voltage Transformer (CVT) is an essential component in power systems. It accurately measures high voltages by exploiting the capacitive division principle. Unlike traditional transformers, CVTs are lighter,…

Types of Controller I, D, PD, P, PI, PID Control
Types of Controller | I, D, PD, P, PI, PID Control

Introduction A controller is like the boss of a control system. It's responsible for keeping everything running smoothly. Think of driving a car and wanting to stay at a certain…

Controller | Types of Controller, Applications, and Primary Terminologies
Controller | Types of Controller, Applications, and Primary Terminologies

What is a Controller? Controllers are like the brains of a control system, working to keep things on track. Here's why they're so important: Getting it Just Right: Controllers make…

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