Table of Contents
HVDC
HVDC stand for High Voltage Direct Current. It refers to a system of transmitting electrical power using direct current (DC) at high voltage levels. This method is commonly used for long-distance transmission, underwater cables and connecting asynchronous power grids.
HVDC is used for long distances (above 600 km for overhead lines, 50 km for underwater) due to lower power losses compared to HVAC.
HVAC
HVAC stands for High Voltage Alternating Current. It refers to a system of transmitting electrical power using alternating current (AC) at high voltage levels. HVAC is the most commonly used method for power transmission and distribution across short to medium distances.
HVAC is used for shorter distances due to higher power losses compared to HVDC.
The following are the main comparisons between HVDC and HVDC :
| Sr. No. | HVDC | HVAC |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Only or two conductor are used. | Three conductor are required. |
| 2. | Saving of conductor material as only 2 or 1 conductor is used. | Less saving of conductor as 3 conductors are used. |
| 3. | There is no problem of L, C, surge & phase displacement. | There is losses due to L, C, surge & phase displacement. |
| 4. | No problem of skin effect so full cross-sectional area of conductor is used. | Due to skin effect cross-sectional area of conductor is not utilized. |
| 5. | It has less potential stress. So less insulation is required. | It has more potential stress than D.C. system. So more insulation required. |
| 6. | Corona losses are very low. | High corona losses in A.C. system. |
| 7. | No interference with communication system. | There is interference with communication in A.C. system. |
| 8. | There is no problem of synchronizing & stability. | They have problem of synchronizing & stability in A.C. system. |
| 9. | For high voltage transmission, we cannot step the level of D.C. voltage. | The level of A.C. voltage can be increased or decreased by using transformer. |
| 10. | Costly circuit breakers & switches used in DC system. | AC circuit breakers are cheaper than DC circuit breakers. |
| 11. | The HVDC transmission is used for transmitting bulk power more than 600 KM distance. | HVAC transmission is used for less than 600 KM distance. |
| 12. | Transmits DC power at a voltage about 100 KV to 800 KV. | Transmits AC power at a voltage about 33 KV to 230 KV. |
| 13. | Inverters and rectifiers are used in HVDC. | Inverters and rectifiers are not required for HVAC. |
| 14. | HVDC requires small sized tower. | HVAC requires large sized tower. |
| 15. | Very fast and accurate power flow control is possible. | Power flow control is slow and is very difficult. |
Relates Posts
- Distributed Control System | Block Diagram and Architecture
- Radar | Types of Radar, Advantages and Disadvantages
- Unified Power Flow Controller | Control, Protection, and Charactersitcs
- Layout of Substations | Types, Advantages and Applications
- STATCOM | Static Synchronous Compensator
- SSSC | Operation, Modelling, and Applications
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