Microphone

Table of Contents

A microphone is an electronic device. That converts sound waves into electrical signals. It captures the audio and converts the electrical signal. It captures the audio by using the diaphragm and vibrates and responds to sound pressure. It amplified to sound waves. It’s used in mics that transmit sound vibrations in the air. Mikes can be used because sound reaches far and wide.

Types of Microphone

There are types of microphones.

Carbon microphone
Cone microphone (moving coil)
Cordless microphone

1. Carbon Microphone

They are used as transmitters in a telephone. They depend on variations in the sound pressure to change the current.

Principle – It consists of two plates separated by granules of carbon. One plate is very thin and faces two words. the speaking person as a diaphragm. Which is a change in electrical resistance between the plates. Frequency response is 3000 MHZ.

Application of Carbon Microphone

A carbon microphone is used in public addresses.
A carbon microphone is used in military operations.
A carbon microphone is used in broadcasts.
A carbon microphone is used in telephony.

2. Cone Microphone (Moving Coil)

The principle of moving coil microphone is an electromagnetic field. The coil is attached to the diaphragm. When a diaphragm is moved, it produces induced emf. Emf is defined as a faradays law.

E=-d/dt (AB)

The coil is placed between two poles of a magnet. coil is made up of aluminum. A conductor is in the form of a coil. The frequency responds to 50 HZ TO 10KHZ. The output of the microphone is 300 Ω. It is produces a current and magnetic field.

Advantages Of Cone Microphone

A Cone microphone is reliable.
A cone microphone is robust.
It does not need any battery.
It does not have any disadvantages in sound production.

3. Cordless Microphone

A cordless type of microphone is a wireless microphone. It does not use any physical wire. It is known as a radio microphone, which transmits the audio signal from the microwaves in the radio waves to a nearby receiver unit which recovers the audio.

Advantages Of Cordless Microphone

The transmitter and receiver system provides a cordless microphone.
A cordless provide with the microphone.
Integral microphone with transmitter unit.
Microphone with packet unit.

Working of Microphone

When sound waves enter the microphone, then the diaphragm and amplifier are used to convert air vibration and filter is used to filter the voice and transmit it to the ADC. ADC is used to compress the signal and convert the analog signal into a digital signal.

Block Diagram of the Microphone

The block diagram of a microphone.

Preamp – preamp stands for preamplifier it is used to low-level signal switch to the audio signal.
Pre-emphasis – it is the processing of an electronic device in which audio passes through a ( HPF) high-pass filter. audio signal pre-emphasis to a system increase frequencies.
Compressor – A compressor is a process of compressing. it is used in microphone to compress the voice and transmit vco.
Synthesized VCO – VCO stands for voltage control oscillator. VCO generates output signals. VCO is an oscillator whose output frequency is proportional to the input frequency.
RF amplifier – RF stands for radio frequency signal. RF is used for low-power radio frequency signals to high-power radio frequency. it transmits the signal to the antenna.
Antenna – antenna used to convert electric signal to electromagnetic signal.

It has different methods to convert sound waves to electrical waves, but its all construction the same.

Application of Microphone

A microphone is used in such a various application;

It is used in mikes.
A microphone is used in public addresses.
A mike is used in public events because its sound waves reach far and wide.
A microphone is used in live concerts and recording the sound waves.
It is also used in broadcasting and television.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the microphone?
A microphone is an electronic device. that convert sound waves into electrical signals. it captures the audio and converts the electrical signal. it captures the audio by using the diaphragm and that vibrates and responds.
What is a carbon microphone?
They are used as transmitters in a telephone. They depend on variation on the sound pressure to change the current.
It consists of two plates separated by granules of carbon. One plate is very thin and faces two words. the speaking person as a diaphragm. which is a change in electrical resistance between the plates. Frequency response is 3000 MHZ.
What is cordless microphone?
A cordless type of microphone is a wireless microphone. It does not use any physical wire. It is known as a radio microphone, which transmits the audio signal from the microwaves in the radio waves to a nearby receiver unit which recovers the audio.

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Microphone | Types, Block Diagram, and its Working

Microphone